全文获取类型
收费全文 | 14831篇 |
免费 | 989篇 |
国内免费 | 1840篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 1034篇 |
农学 | 2040篇 |
基础科学 | 899篇 |
2315篇 | |
综合类 | 6068篇 |
农作物 | 1075篇 |
水产渔业 | 1316篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 1133篇 |
园艺 | 690篇 |
植物保护 | 1090篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 44篇 |
2023年 | 289篇 |
2022年 | 462篇 |
2021年 | 529篇 |
2020年 | 551篇 |
2019年 | 608篇 |
2018年 | 506篇 |
2017年 | 726篇 |
2016年 | 898篇 |
2015年 | 763篇 |
2014年 | 867篇 |
2013年 | 1036篇 |
2012年 | 1147篇 |
2011年 | 1261篇 |
2010年 | 908篇 |
2009年 | 901篇 |
2008年 | 780篇 |
2007年 | 797篇 |
2006年 | 640篇 |
2005年 | 590篇 |
2004年 | 460篇 |
2003年 | 359篇 |
2002年 | 329篇 |
2001年 | 258篇 |
2000年 | 280篇 |
1999年 | 222篇 |
1998年 | 187篇 |
1997年 | 191篇 |
1996年 | 160篇 |
1995年 | 143篇 |
1994年 | 127篇 |
1993年 | 115篇 |
1992年 | 101篇 |
1991年 | 98篇 |
1990年 | 88篇 |
1989年 | 61篇 |
1988年 | 40篇 |
1987年 | 39篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
71.
Interactions of baseflow habitat constraints: Macroinvertebrate drift,stream temperature,and physical habitat for anadromous salmon in the Calapooia River,Oregon 下载免费PDF全文
Robert J. Danehy Robert E. Bilby Sara Owen Steven D. Duke Alex Farrand 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(3):653-662
- The Calapooia River in western Oregon supports a small winter steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population and historically supported spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Early timber harvesting removed the riparian forest, and log transportation practices simplified the channel. Those disturbance legacies continue to affect fish habitat by limiting shade and channel complexity, complicating conservation efforts.
- To evaluate juvenile salmonid rearing potential, macroinvertebrate drift, thermal regime and physical habitat were measured at eight sites in 24 km of the upper river during late summer baseflow.
- Overall physical habitat was simple, with few functioning instream structures or pools. During the 22‐day drift study, flows declined and maximum site stream temperatures ranged from 23.1°C at the lower end to 16.4°C 24 km upstream.
- Macroinvertebrate drift concentrations ranged from 0.7–13.7 ind. m?3 with biomasses from 0.02–1.23 mg m?3. Drift concentration biomass was higher upstream (P = 0.006) than downstream and declined overall (P < 0.001) during the study. Drift biomass was dominated by five taxon groups – Baetis tricaudatus, Calineuria californica, Hesperoperla pacifica, Simulium spp., and Chironomidae, which were 65% of total biomass. During twilight, total biomass and biomass of B. tricaudatus, Simulium spp., and Chironomidae (both larvae and adults) were higher.
- Total drift declined dramatically over the study period owing to decreases in drift concentration and a 58% decline in discharge, greatly reducing overall drift and available food resources for juvenile‐rearing salmonids.
- The upper catchment, both with cooler temperatures and higher food availability, provided the best conditions for juvenile anadromous salmonids to survive late summer conditions. Conservation consequences of climate change‐induced alterations in flow and temperature may further affect habitat quality for juvenile salmonids in this catchment in the coming decades.
72.
Settlement behavior of American lobster (Homarus americanus): effect of female origin and developmental temperature 下载免费PDF全文
The benthic settlement success of American lobster (Homarus americanus) postlarvae is a key factor in population dynamics, with the temperature being a key factor. Given the spatial distribution of the species, its pelagic larvae probably encounter various thermal zones during development. Little information is available on the ability of lobster larvae to acclimate to temperature or if this ability varies among geographic areas. The main objectives of this study were to characterize (i) the settlement behavior of the postlarvae in relation to (a) temperature during larval development and (b) the geographic origin of the maternal parent and (ii) the behavioral response of postlarvae with different thermal histories in the presence/absence of a thermocline. Results did not support the hypothesis of thermal adaptation among local populations, as settlement behavior of postlarvae did not differ among females from different geographic regions. In contrast, larval survival and settlement behavior and postlarval energetic conditions varied with development temperature. Behavioral plasticity in the benthic settlement was observed in relation to temperature structure of the experimental water column. This study suggests that there may be links between development temperature and the natural variability in survival and settlement of American lobsters. Findings emphasize the need for an integrated approach in lobster recruitment studies with the inclusion of behavior in dispersion models. 相似文献
73.
74.
海南水稻生育期的时空变化特征及对气候变暖的响应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于海南6个农业气象观测站点的水稻生育期资料和1961~2014年历史气象数据,分析了海南不同地区水稻生育期的时空分布特征,以及气候变暖对海南水稻生育期的影响。结果表明,近54 a海南水稻生长季内平均气温呈上升趋势,早稻气候倾向率为0.21~0.3℃/10 a,以苗期最为明显,晚稻为0.18~0.24℃/10 a,以成熟期最为明显。不同地区水稻生育期差异较大,东部地区早于西部地区,早稻播种时间最大相差55 d,早稻收获和晚稻播种最大间隔42 d,降水和高温可能是造成这一差异的主要原因。随着气候变暖,海南大部分地区早稻生育期提前,晚稻生育期延迟,苗期和成熟期持续时间缩短,与该阶段平均气温呈负相关,但全生育期持续时间变异较大,部分站点略有延长。在未来气候变暖背景下,海南早稻播期可适当提前,晚稻播期可适当延迟,并选用耐高温和抗干旱品种,以减轻高温的不利影响。 相似文献
75.
Combined effects of water temperature and daily food availability period on the growth and survival of tench (Tinca tinca) larvae 下载免费PDF全文
A 16‐day experiment was designed to find the best combination of water temperature (27, 30, 33°C) and daily duration of food availability (12, 18, 24 h) for larval tench (Tinca tinca) growth and survival. Larvae with an initial mean size of 5.7 mm total length (TL) and 0.7 mg wet body weight (BW) were stocked at 15 L?1. Larvae were fed in excess with live Artemia nauplii with the period of food availability lasting 12, 18 or 24 h daily. The largest final larval size was recorded at 27 and 30°C in groups fed for 24 h a day (17.7 and 17.9 mm TL, 76.1 and 77.7 mg BW, respectively). The combination of the highest temperature and the longest daily food availability was the only set of conditions under which final larval survival was affected (95.4% survival; 98.7–99.9% under all other conditions). The combination of water temperature of about 28.6°C and continuous food availability is recommended as the optimum combination for rearing T. tinca larvae under controlled conditions. Providing continuous food supply to fish larvae under aquaculture conditions was also advantageous in helping to mitigate the effects of slower growth relative to developmental progress, which can occur at high water temperatures. However, should one wish to limit the daily feeding period to 12 h per day, the use of a water temperature between 27.4 and 27.9°C would be the best solution. 相似文献
76.
为保障西部原油管道乌鄯线安全平稳运行,实现节能降耗输送,分析了乌鄯线和阿独乌线外输哈国油物性、沿线油温、地温数据,进而探讨了乌鄯线冬季运行冷热油交替输送的可行性。研究结果表明:长输原油管道冬季低输量运行,其进站油温差距不大并与地温的变化趋势一致,沿线地温为冬季冷热油交替输送的重要参数;采用冷热油交替输送工艺,哈国油常温输送对北疆油物性影响不大;乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送,节约燃料天然气约51.6%,节能降耗效果明显,说明乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送具有可行性。 相似文献
77.
加强节能减排,实现低碳发展,不仅是国家“十二五”规划纲要所提出的约束性目标,更是促进经济提质增效升级的必经途径.目前,我国县域经济仍以“高投入、高消耗、高排放”为主要特征,转变经济发展方式已成为县级政府所面临的迫切任务.为此,必须依据低碳发展理念和《2014 ~2015年节能减排低碳发展行动方案》的具体要求,培育有利于经济发展方式转变的要素基础和制度基础,加快推进产业结构的优化和升级,深化经济管理体制改革,不断进行制度创新,实施有利于科技进步的政策,完善环境管理制度,实现县域经济又好又快发展. 相似文献
78.
79.
Land surface temperature retrieval for arid regions based on Landsat-8 TIRS data:a case study in Shihezi,Northwest China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lei YANG ;YunGang CAO ;XiaoHua ZHU ;ShengHe ZENG ;GuoJiang YANG ;JiangYong HE ;XiuChun YANG 《干旱区科学》2014,(6):704-716
Scientific interest in geophysical information about land surface temperature (LST) is ever increasing, as such information provides a base for a large number of applications, including environmental and agricultural monitoring. Therefore, the research of LST retrieval has become a hot topic. Recent availability of Landsat-8 satel- lite imagery provides a new data source for LST retrieval. Hence, exploring an adaptive method with reliable ac- curacy seems to be essential. In this study, basing on features of Landsat-8 TIRS thermal infrared channels, we re-calculated parameters in the atmospheric transmittance empirical models of the existing split-window algorithm, and estimated the ground emissivity with the help of the land cover classification map of the study area. Further- more, a split-window algorithm was rebuilt by virtual of the estimation model of the updated atmospheric transmit- tance and the ground emissivity, and then a remote sensing retrieval for the LST of Shihezi city in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region of Northwest China was conducted on the basis of this modified algorithm. Finally, precision validation of the new model was implemented by using the MODIS LST products. The results showed that the LST retrieval from Landsat-8 TIRS data based on our algorithm has a higher credibility, and the retrieved LST is more consistent with the MODIS LST products. This indicated that the modified algorithm is suitable for retrieving LST with competitive accuracy. With higher resolutions, Landsat-8 TIRS data may provide more accurate observation for LST retrieval. 相似文献
80.